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Contents

1 New Features Of Red Hat Linux 5.1
1.1 Installation-Related Enhancements
1.1.1 Improved Installation Guide
1.1.2 Network-Related Enhancements
1.1.3 Installation Simplified
1.1.4 Boot Diskette Creation
1.1.5 Internationalization
1.1.6 Disk Druid-Like ``fstab editor'' Available
1.1.7 SMB Installation Method Returns
1.2 System Administration-Related Enhancements
1.2.1 Linuxconf Now Included
1.2.1.1 Enabling Web-Based Linuxconf Access
1.2.2 Improved rescue diskette
1.2.3 Initscript documentation
1.3 Miscellaneous New Features
1.3.1 Window Manager-Related Enhancements
1.3.2 New compiler technology available with egcs
1.3.3 New Utility Replaces xv
2 Before You Begin
2.1 Getting Documentation
2.2 Getting the Right Red Hat Linux Components
2.2.1 Contents of the Red Hat Linux Boxed Set
2.2.1.1 Installation Guide
2.2.1.2 Alpha Installation Addendum
2.2.1.3 CDs 1 and 2
2.2.1.4 Linux Vending Machine CD
2.2.1.5 Boot Diskette
2.2.1.6 License and Registration Information
2.2.2 Missing Something?
2.2.3 No Boxed Set? No Problem!
2.2.4 Checking for Updated Diskette Images
2.3 Things You Should Know
2.3.1 Basic Hardware Configuration
2.3.1.1 Learning About Your Hardware With Windows® 95
2.3.2 Video Configuration
2.3.3 Network-related Information
2.4 Installation Methods
2.4.1 PCMCIA Support During the Installation
2.4.2 Installing From a CD-ROM
2.4.2.1 How To Do It
2.4.3 Installing From an FTP Site
2.4.3.1 How To Do It
2.4.4 Installing From an NFS Server
2.4.4.1 How To Do It
2.4.5 Installing From an SMB Shared Volume
2.4.5.1 How To Do It
2.4.6 Installing From a Hard Drive
2.4.6.1 How To Do It
2.5 Need a Supplemental Diskette?
2.6 Disk Partitions
2.6.1 Partition Naming Scheme
2.6.2 Repartitioning Strategies
2.6.2.1 Using Unpartitioned Free Space
2.6.2.2 Using Space From An Unused Partition
2.6.2.3 Using Free Space From An Active Partition
2.6.3 Disk Partitions and Other Operating Systems
2.6.4 One Last Wrinkle: Using LILO
2.6.4.1 BIOS-Related Limitations Impacting LILO
2.6.5 How Many Partitions?
2.7 A Note About Kernel Drivers
2.8 If You Have Problems...
2.9 One Last Note
3 Starting the Installation
3.1 The Installation Program User Interface
3.1.1 Using the Keyboard to Navigate
3.1.2 A Note About Virtual Consoles
3.2 Starting the Installation Program
3.2.1 Booting the Installation Program
3.3 Beginning the Installation
3.3.1 Choosing a Language
3.3.2 Selecting a Keyboard Type
3.3.3 PCMCIA Support
3.4 Selecting an Installation Method
3.4.1 Installing From CD-ROM
3.4.2 Installing via NFS
3.4.3 Network Driver Configuration
3.4.4 Configuring TCP/IP Networking
3.4.5 NFS Server Information
3.4.6 Installing From a Hard Drive
3.4.7 Installing via FTP
3.4.8 Installing via SMB
4 Continuing the Installation
4.1 Upgrading or Installing
4.1.1 Installing
4.1.2 Upgrading
4.2 SCSI Support
4.3 Creating Partitions for Red Hat Linux
4.3.1 Using Disk Druid
4.3.1.1 The ``Current Disk Partitions'' Section
4.3.1.2 The ``Drive Summaries'' Section
4.3.1.3 Disk Druid's Buttons
4.3.1.4 Handy Function Keys
4.3.1.5 Adding a Partition
4.3.1.6 Deleting a Partition
4.3.1.7 Editing a Partition
4.3.1.8 Adding an NFS Mount
4.3.1.9 Starting Over
4.3.1.10 When You're Finished...
4.3.2 Using fdisk
4.3.2.1 An Overview of fdisk
4.3.2.2 Changing the Partition Table
4.3.3 Filesystem Configuration
4.3.3.1 Adding an NFS Mount
4.4 Initializing Swap Space
4.5 For FTP Installations Only...
4.6 For SMB Installations Only...
4.7 For Hard Drive Installations Only...
4.8 Formatting Partitions
4.9 Selecting and Installing Packages
4.9.1 Selecting Components
4.9.2 Selecting Individual Packages
4.9.2.1 Getting Information About A Package
4.9.3 Package Dependencies
4.9.4 Package Installation
5 Finishing the Installation
5.1 Configuring a Mouse
5.2 Configuring X Windows
5.2.1 Configuring an XFree86 Server
5.3 Configuring Networking
5.3.1 Network Configuration Dialogs
5.4 Configuring the Clock
5.5 Selecting Services for Start on Reboot
5.6 Configuring a Printer
5.6.1 Locally Attached Printers
5.6.2 Remote lpd Printers
5.6.3 LAN Manager Printers
5.6.4 Finalizing Printer Setup
5.7 Setting a Root Password
5.8 Creating a Boot Diskette
5.9 Installing LILO
5.9.1 Adding Options to the LILO Boot Command Line
5.9.2 Alternatives to LILO
5.10 Finishing Up...
6 What Do I Do Now?
6.1 Getting the Documentation That's Right For You
6.1.1 Documentation For First-Time Linux Users
6.1.2 Documentation For More Experienced Linux Users
6.1.3 Documentation For Linux Gurus
6.2 Basic System Tasks
6.2.1 Booting Your Red Hat Linux System
6.2.2 Logging In, Logging Out
6.2.2.1 Logging In
6.2.2.2 Logging Out
6.2.3 Accounts and Passwords
6.2.3.1 Accounts
6.2.3.2 Passwords
6.2.3.3 The su Command
6.2.4 Shutting Down Your Red Hat Linux System
6.3 The X Window System
6.3.1 If You Haven't Installed X
6.3.1.1 XFree86 Configuration
6.3.2 If You've Already Installed X
6.3.2.1 Starting X Manually
6.3.2.2 Starting X Automatically
6.3.2.3 Changing Your Desktop
6.3.2.4 Handy X-Based Tools
6.4 Configuring Your Red Hat Linux System For Sound
6.4.1 Modular Sound Drivers
6.4.1.1 Supported Sound Cards
6.4.2 Sound Card Configuration Tool
6.5 Mouse configuration
6.6 World Wide Web
6.6.1 World Wide Web Browsers
6.6.2 World Wide Web Server
7 Finding Documentation
7.1 On Line Help
7.1.1 Man Pages
7.1.1.1 How to Read a Man Page
7.1.2 Package Documentation
7.1.3 HOWTOs and FAQs
7.1.4 The ``locate'' Command
7.1.5 ``info'' Pages
7.2 Help from the Internet Community
7.2.1 Red Hat Mailing Lists
7.2.2 USENET Newsgroups
7.2.2.1 Red Hat-Specific Newsgroups
8 Package Management with RPM
8.1 RPM Design Goals
8.2 Using RPM
8.2.1 Installing
8.2.1.1 Package Already Installed
8.2.1.2 Conflicting Files
8.2.1.3 Unresolved Dependency
8.2.2 Uninstalling
8.2.3 Upgrading
8.2.4 Querying
8.2.5 Verifying
8.3 Impressing Your Friends with RPM
8.4 Other RPM Resources
9 Control Panel
9.1 User and Group Configuration
9.2 File System Configuration
9.2.1 Adding NFS Mounts
9.3 Printer Configuration
9.4 Network Configuration
9.4.1 Managing Names
9.4.2 Managing Hosts
9.4.3 Adding a Networking Interface
9.4.3.1 PPP Interface
9.4.3.2 SLIP Interface
9.4.3.3 PLIP Interface
9.4.3.4 Ethernet, Arcnet, Token Ring and Pocket Adaptor Interfaces
9.4.4 Managing Routes
9.5 Time and Date
9.6 Kernel Daemon Configuration
9.6.1 Changing Module Options
9.6.2 Changing Modules
9.6.3 Adding Modules
9.6.4 Restarting Kerneld
10 Glint
10.1 Starting glint
10.2 The Package Display
10.2.1 Context Sensitive Menus
10.2.2 Selecting Packages
10.2.3 Viewing Available Packages
10.3 Configuration
10.4 Package Manipulation
10.4.1 Querying Packages
10.4.2 Verifying Packages
10.4.3 Installing New Packages
10.4.3.1 Upgrading Packages
10.4.4 Uninstalling Packages
11 System Administration
11.1 Users, Groups and User-Private Groups
11.1.1 Standard Users
11.1.2 Standard Groups
11.1.3 User Private Groups
11.1.3.1 User Private Group Rationale
11.2 User Authentication with PAM
11.2.1 PAM Modules
11.2.2 Services
11.2.3 The Configuration Files
11.2.4 Shadow Passwords
11.2.5 More Information
11.3 Shadow Utilities
11.4 Building a Custom Kernel
11.4.1 Building a modularized kernel
11.4.2 Making an initrd image
11.4.3 Building a monolithic kernel
11.5 Sendmail
11.6 Controlling Access to Services
11.7 Anonymous FTP
11.8 NFS Configuration
11.8.1 Mounting NFS Filesystems
11.8.2 Exporting NFS Filesystems
11.9 The Boot Process, Init, and Shutdown
11.9.1 Sysconfig Information
11.9.1.1 Files in /etc/sysconfig
11.9.1.2 Files in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
11.9.2 System V Init
11.9.3 Init Runlevels
11.9.4 Initscript Utilities
11.9.5 Running Programs at Boot Time
11.9.6 Shutting Down
11.10 Rescue Modes
11.10.1 Through LILO
11.10.2 Emergency Boot Diskettes
11.10.2.1 A Handy Trick
A Getting Technical Support
A.1 An Overview of Our Support Policy
A.2 Getting Support
A.2.1 Registration
A.2.1.1 Registering via the Web
A.2.1.2 Registering via Email
A.2.1.3 Registering via Fax or Snail Mail
A.2.2 Support Questions
A.2.2.1 How to Send Them
A.2.2.2 Where to Send Them
A.3 Support FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)
B Making Installation Diskettes
B.1 Making a Diskette Under MS-DOS
B.2 Making a Diskette Under a Linux-like O/S
C Package List
C.1 Applications
C.1.1 Communications
C.1.2 Databases
C.1.3 Editors
C.1.4 Emulators
C.1.5 Engineering
C.1.6 Graphics
C.1.7 Mail
C.1.8 Math
C.1.9 Networking
C.1.10 News
C.1.11 Productivity
C.1.12 Publishing
C.1.13 Sound
C.2 Base
C.2.1 Kernel
C.3 Daemons
C.4 Development
C.4.1 Build
C.4.2 Building
C.4.3 Debuggers
C.4.4 Languages
C.4.5 Libraries
C.4.6 Tools
C.4.7 Version Control
C.5 Documentation
C.6 Extensions
C.6.1 Japanese
C.7 Games
C.8 Libraries
C.9 Networking
C.9.1 Admin
C.9.2 Daemons
C.9.3 News
C.9.4 Utilities
C.10 Shells
C.11 Utilities
C.11.1 Archiving
C.11.2 Console
C.11.3 File
C.11.4 Printing
C.11.5 System
C.11.6 Terminal
C.11.7 Text
C.12 X11
C.12.1 Amusements
C.12.2 Applications
C.12.3 Games
C.12.4 Libraries
C.12.5 Shells
C.12.6 Utilities
C.12.7 Window Managers
C.12.8 XFree86
C.12.9 gnome
D General Parameters
D.1 CD-ROM parameters
D.2 SCSI parameters
D.3 Ethernet parameters
E Red Hat Linux Frequently Asked Questions
E.1 Introduction
E.2 Errata
E.3 Contacting Red Hat Software
E.4 General Resources List
E.5 General Questions
E.5.1 How do I get new updates to Red Hat as they happen?
E.5.2 How do I report a bug?
E.5.3 Does Red Hat Linux include source code?
E.6 Installation
E.6.1 I have a blank hard drive and would like to install DOS or Windows 95 and Linux onto it. What is the best method of doing this?
E.6.2 I do not have a cdrom that will work with Linux and I can not install from the network. Is there another method?
E.6.3 For whatever reason, I need to make new floppies. What can I do?
E.6.4 I have an IDE system, and I am confused by how Linux sets up drives in comparison to DOS. Can you explain this?
E.6.5 My cdu31a/33a cdrom is not recognized. What can I do?
E.6.6 I am having trouble getting linux setup on my Laptop computer.
E.6.7 I am trying to upgrade my earlier Red Hat system to 5.x, but it complains that it can't find a valid RPM data base. What do I need to do?
E.6.8 I have an Adaptec 2920. During the install I do not see a choice for it, why and what do I do? or I have a Future Domain TMC-3260, but when I specify options for it to be probed, it can't find it during the install.
E.6.9 I have an Adaptec SCSI card with the aic7xxx chipset (2940, 2840, 2740, 3940, etc). It is pretty common, so why is it not fully supported by Red Hat Linux?
E.6.10 During the install, I get a fatal signal 11 or signal 7. What does this mean and what can I do?
E.6.11 During the install, I am having problems with Linux working with my Ultra DMA IDE drive and motherboard controller, what can I do?
E.6.12 I have a PCI Ultra DMA controller in my machine. Can I install Linux on my machine?
E.6.13 I have NT and would like to install Linux, but I have heard there are problems with the booting both OS's. How can I avoid this.
E.6.14 I can not install Linux below the 1023 cylinder in my system, what can I do?
E.6.15 For whatever reason, I want to remove LILO from the Master Boot Record (MBR) of my machine. How do I do this?
E.6.16 For whatever reason, I want to remove Linux from my hard-drive. I tried using DOS's fdisk, and it shows non-DOS partitions, but it can't remove them. What do I need to do?
E.6.17 I have installed Linux without errors but on a reboot, I get only an L, LI, and some other items. What is happening and how can I recover?
E.7 Using Red Hat Linux
E.7.1 I can't run any of the programs I compile because I get a "command not found" error message. I see the command in the directory, but it doesn't run.
E.7.2 How come I don't see colors when I run ls?
E.8 X Windows
E.8.1 I hear there is a new version of XFree86 available, how do I install it? or I need to install the latest version of XFree86 because the older version does not support my video card. How do I install it?
E.8.2 When I try to start X with with the startx command I get errors that no server was installed and I am back at a prompt. What could be wrong?
E.8.3 When I start X, all I see is a grey background and a X cursor.
E.8.4 How do I customize the X window manager?
E.8.5 I don't like the Windows 95 like configuration, how can I change it?
E.8.6 I get an error about errno=111. What does it mean and what can I do?
E.8.7 My keyboard mappings don't work correctly in X. What can I do?
E.8.8 I get an error message that libX can't be opened. or I can't compile X apps due to missing libraries.
E.8.9 I have an AGP graphics card. Is it supported?
E.8.10 My computer has a NeoMagic graphics card chipset, how can I get X to work?
E.8.11 I upgraded from 4.1 (or earlier) and now when I use startx, the machine seems to hang at a grey screen.
E.8.12 When I run netscape, the colors don't seem right, or When I run netscape, I get error messages and warnings about colors.
E.8.13 I have a Microsoft serial mouse, and Linux doesn't want to work with it. What can I do to fix it?
E.9 System Administration
E.9.1 When I create users with usercfg, they can't login.
E.9.2 What is PAM? Why use it?
E.9.3 How can I setup Secure Shell (SSH) on my linux system?
E.9.4 Why does Linux only see part of my RAM?
E.9.5 I have over 64 Megs in my pentium or greater machine, however it seems sluggish when doing anything. If I tell Linux to use only 64Megs with the mem=64M machine, it seems to speed up. What is going on and can I do anything about it?
E.9.6 I have Red Hat 5.0 and have upgraded to the ld.so RPM package listed in the errata, but my libc5 applications still seg fault. What is wrong?
E.9.7 When I run fstool, I get a message that says a partition seems to have been deleted and asks if I want to remove it from /etc/fstab.
E.9.8 How do I configure my Jaz drive under linux?
E.9.9 How do I use my parallel port zip drive?
E.9.10 I'm having problems getting my IDE zip drive to work.
E.9.11 Some of my older applications get the incorrect time.
E.9.12 I have all the latest updates installed, but my programs still get the incorrect time.
E.9.13 During the install, I was not asked to use the 2nd cdrom. When I use the X program glint on it, it reports that there are no rpms, but when I look at the directories, I see lots of them. What is going on?
E.9.14 Linux recognizes my CDROM, but when I try to mount it, I get "mount failed" What do I do?
E.9.15 I have Linux installed on an IDE drive, and for whatever reason I need to boot from floppy. How can I boot my system from the install floppy?
E.9.16 I can't get my Plug and Play card to work.
E.9.17 When the system boots up, I see a message that says I have unknown PCI hardware. What does this mean?
E.9.18 Currently when the machine boots, LILO defaults to running Linux. I would like it to boot my other operating system. How can I accomplish this?
E.9.19 For whatever reason, I need to use the rescue mode to edit a file. The editors complain about unknown window type. How can I edit files after I have booted from the rescue disk?
E.10 Network Administration
E.10.1 Linux isn't detecting my NE2000 compatible network card.
E.10.2 I have installed Linux, and it seems to initially start booting. However it gets down to something called sendmail and then the machine seems to hang. What is happening and what should I do?
E.10.3 I have upgraded to 5.0, and sendmail is no longer relaying email like it used to. What is going on?
E.10.4 I have installed Linux, recompiled my kernel, and now I get errors when the network comes out about various net-pf modules not found. What is happening and what should I do?
E.10.5 How can I configure my dialup PPP Internet connection?
E.10.6 How can I allow non root users to start ppp connections?
E.10.7 My system keeps losing its network routing information.
E.11 Printer Administration
E.11.1 I am having trouble setting up my printer. My printer is not listed in the printer configuration tool.
E.11.2 I have a Canon BJC printer and it isn't printing properly.
E.11.3 When I print, lines from my printout get truncated.
E.12 Appendix [sic]
E.12.1 The Red Hat FTP site is slow. Are there mirrors?
F Information Specific to Red Hat Linux/SPARC
F.1 Supported Hardware
F.2 Installation Overview
F.3 Console Commands
F.4 Ramdisk-based Installation Criteria
F.4.1 Preparing to Use an NFS-Mounted Root
F.5 Choosing a Boot Method
F.5.1 Booting From Diskette
F.5.1.1 Diskette Boot Commands
F.5.2 Booting From CD-ROM
F.5.3 Booting From the Network
F.5.3.1 Network Boot Commands
F.6 Choosing an Installation Method
F.6.1 CD-ROM Installation
F.6.2 FTP Installation
F.6.3 NFS Installation
F.6.3.1 Hard Disk Installation
F.7 Installation Using a Serial Terminal
F.8 Installation: Selecting System Components
F.9 SILO Configuration
F.10 Partitioning
F.10.1 Swap Partitions and Red Hat Linux/SPARC
F.11 X Windows

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